| The outermost layer of the eyeball is
mostly made up of the sciera, the white part of the eyes. The rest of
this layer, the area in the front of the eyeball, is the round,
transparent cornea, which acts like a window, letting light pass through.
The colored part behind the cornea
is the iris. Blue, brown, and green eye colors come from a
pigment called melanin.
The outer edge of the iris is attached
to the sclera. In a healthy eye this forms a cavity filled with a water
one of the areas affected by glaucoma; passages used by the eye drain this fluid are blocked.
There is a hole in the center of
each iris called the pupil. The pupil light into the eye. Its size change
let in more or less light.
The innermost part of the
three layers is the retina, which lines back of the eyeball. The
retina changes light rays into nerve signals. This part of the eye
contains the rods and cones, the specialized vision cells. Nerve fibers from
the retina join together to form the optic nerve. The
optic nerve which interprets visual information goes to the
brain. Glaucoma is a disease that can damage the optic
nerve and cause blindness.
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